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Abstract: We aim to establish a link between path-integral formulations of quantum and classical field theories via diagram expansions. This link should result in an independent constructive characterisation of the measure in Feynman path integrals in terms of a stochastic differential equation (SDE) and also in the possibility of applying methods of quantum field theory to classical stochastic problems. As a first step we derive in the present paper a formal solution to an arbitrary c-number SDE in a form which coincides with that of Wick's theorem for interacting bosonic quantum fields. We show that the choice of stochastic calculus in the SDE may be regarded as a result of regularisation, which in turn removes ultraviolet divergences from the corresponding diagram series.
We show that the solution to an arbitrary c-number stochastic differential equation (SDE) can be represented as a diagram series. Both the diagram rules and the properties of the graphical elements reflect causality properties of the SDE and this series is therefore called a causal diagram series. We also discuss the converse problem, i.e. how to construct an SDE of which a formal solution is a given causal diagram series. This then allows for a nonperturbative summation of the diagram series by solving this SDE, numerically or analytically.
Abstract: We propose a simple method for measuring the populations and the relative phase in a coherent superposition of two atomic states. The method is based on coupling the two states to a third common (excited) state by means of two laser pulses, and measuring the total fluorescence from the third state for several choices of the excitation pulses.
Abstract: We present experimental and theoretical results of a detailed study of laser-induced continuum structures (LICS) in the photoionization continuum of helium out of the metastable state 2s^1 S_0. The continuum dressing with a 1064 nm laser, couples the same region of the continuum to the 4s^1 S_0 state. The experimental data, presented for a range of intensities, show pronounced ionization suppression (by asmuch as 70% with respect to the far-from-resonance value) as well as enhancement, in a Beutler-Fano resonance profile. This ionization suppression is a clear indication of population trapping mediated by coupling to a contiuum. We present experimental results demonstrating the effect of pulse delay upon the LICS, and for the behavior of LICS for both weak and strong probe pulses. Simulations based upon numerical solution of the Schrödinger equation model the experimental results. The atomic parameters (Rabi frequencies and Stark shifts) are calculated using a simple model-potential method for the computation of the needed wavefunctions. The simulations of the LICS profiles are in excellent agreement with experiment. We also present an analytic formulation of pulsed LICS. We show that in the case of a probe pulse shorter than the dressing one the LICS profile is the convolution of the power spectra of the probe pulse with the usual Fano profile of stationary LICS. We discuss some consequences of deviation from steady-state theory.
We present results from a study of the coherence properties of a system involving three discrete states coupled to each other by two-photon processes via a common continuum. This tripod linkage is an extension of the standard laser-induced continuum structure (LICS) which involves two discrete states and two lasers. We show that in the tripod scheme, there exist two population trapping conditions; in some cases these conditions are easier to satisfy than the single trapping condition in two-state LICS. Depending on the pulse timing, various effects can be observed. We derive some basic properties of the tripod scheme, such as the solution for coincident pulses, the behaviour of the system in the adiabatic limit for delayed pulses, the conditions for no ionization and for maximal ionization, and the optimal conditions for population transfer between the discrete states via the continuum. In the case when one of the discrete states is strongly coupled to the continuum, the population dynamics reduces to a standard two-state LICS problem (involving the other two states) with modified parameters; this provides the opportunity to customize the parameters of a given two-state LICS system.
Abstract: In this paper we present a renormalizability proof for spontaneously broken SU (2) gauge theory. It is based on Flow Equations, i.e. on the Wilson renormalization group adapted to perturbation theory. The power counting part of the proof, which is conceptually and technically simple, follows the same lines as that for any other renormalizable theory. The main difficulty stems from the fact that the regularization violates gauge invariance. We prove that there exists a class of renormalization conditions such that the renormalized Green functions satisfy the Slavnov-Taylor identities of SU (2) Yang-Mills theory on which the gauge invariance of the renormalized theory is based.
Spektralsequenzen
(1999)
Magnetic anisotropies of MBE-grown fcc Co(110)-films on Cu(110) single crystal substrates have been determined by using Brillouin light scattering(BLS) and have been correlated with the structural properties determined by low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Three regimes of film growth and associated anisotropy behavior are identified: coherent growth in the Co film thickness regime of up to 13 Å, in-plane anisotropic strain relaxation between 13 Å and about 50 Å and inplane isotropic strain relaxation above 50 Å. The structural origin of the transition between anisotropic and isotropic strain relaxation was studied using STM. In the regime of anisotropic strain relaxation long Co stripes with a preferential [ 110 ]-orientation are observed, which in the isotropic strain relaxation regime are interrupted in the perpendicular in-plane direction to form isotropic islands. In the Co film thickness regime below 50 Å an unexpected suppression of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy contribution is observed. A model calculation based on a crystal field formalism and discussed within the context of band theory, which explicitly takes tetragonal misfit strains into account, reproduces the experimentally observed anomalies despite the fact that the thick Co films are quite rough.
Absract: We report on measurements of the two-dimensional intensity distribtion of linear and non-linear spin wave excitations in a LuBiFeO film. The spin wave intensity was detected with a high-resolution Brillouinlight scatteringspectroscopy setup. The observed snake-like structure of the spin wave intensity distribution is understood as a mode beating between modes with different lateral spin wave intensity distributions. The theoretical treatment of the linear regime is performed analytically, whereas the propagation of non-linear spin waves is simulated by a numerical solution of a non-linear Schrödinger equation with suitable boundary conditions.
Das Skript vermittelt die für eine Beschlagwortung nach den Regeln für den Schlagwortkatalog (RSWK) notwendigen Grundkenntnisse. Darüber hinaus wird beschrieben, wie die Schlagwortdaten in der Verbunddatenbank des Südwestdeutschen Bibliotheksverbund (SWB) strukturiert sind, welche Prinzipien bei der kooperativen Beschlagwortung im SWB einzuhalten sind und wie die Daten erfasst werden müssen . Des weiteren werden die in der Datenbank des SWB realisierten Suchmöglichkeiten aufgezeigt und aufgelistet, wie die dazugehörigen Suchbefehle lauten. Für Fragen der Organisation des Geschäftsgang der Teilnehmerbibliotheken wird exemplarisch der Arbeitsablauf an der UB Kaiserslautern dargestellt.