Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Mathematik
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In this thesis one considers the periodic homogenization of a linearly coupled magneto-elastic model problem and focuses on the derivation of spectral methods to solve the obtained unit cell problem afterwards. In the beginning, the equations of linear elasticity and magnetism are presented together with the physical quantities used within. After specifying the model assumptions, the system of partial differential equations is rewritten in a weak form for which the existence and uniqueness of solutions is discussed. The model problem then undergoes a homogenization process where the original problem is approximated by a substitute problem with a repeating micro-structural geometry that was generated from a representative volume element (RVE). The following separation of scales, which can be achieved either by an asymptotic expansion or through a two-scale limit process, yields the homogenized problem on the macroscopic scale and the periodic unit cell problem. The latter is further analyzed using Fourier series, leading to periodic Lippmann-Schwinger type equations allowing for the development of matrix-free solvers. It is shown that, while it is possible to craft a scheme for the coupled problem from the purely elastic and magnetic Lippmann-Schwinger equations alone without much additional effort, a more general setting is provided when deriving a Lippmann-Schwinger equation for the coupled system directly. These numerical approaches are then validated with some analytically solvable test problems, before their performance is tested against each other for some more complex examples.
Composite materials are used in many modern tools and engineering applications and
consist of two or more materials that are intermixed. Features like inclusions in a matrix
material are often very small compared to the overall structure. Volume elements that
are characteristic for the microstructure can be simulated and their elastic properties are
then used as a homogeneous material on the macroscopic scale.
Moulinec and Suquet [2] solve the so-called Lippmann-Schwinger equation, a reformulation of the equations of elasticity in periodic homogenization, using truncated
trigonometric polynomials on a tensor product grid as ansatz functions.
In this thesis, we generalize their approach to anisotropic lattices and extend it to
anisotropic translation invariant spaces. We discretize the partial differential equation
on these spaces and prove the convergence rate. The speed of convergence depends on
the smoothness of the coefficients and the regularity of the ansatz space. The spaces of
translates unify the ansatz of Moulinec and Suquet with de la Vallée Poussin means and
periodic Box splines, including the constant finite element discretization of Brisard and
Dormieux [1].
For finely resolved images, sampling on a coarser lattice reduces the computational
effort. We introduce mixing rules as the means to transfer fine-grid information to the
smaller lattice.
Finally, we show the effect of the anisotropic pattern, the space of translates, and the
convergence of the method, and mixing rules on two- and three-dimensional examples.
References
[1] S. Brisard and L. Dormieux. “FFT-based methods for the mechanics of composites:
A general variational framework”. In: Computational Materials Science 49.3 (2010),
pp. 663–671. doi: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2010.06.009.
[2] H. Moulinec and P. Suquet. “A numerical method for computing the overall response
of nonlinear composites with complex microstructure”. In: Computer Methods in
Applied Mechanics and Engineering 157.1-2 (1998), pp. 69–94. doi: 10.1016/s00457825(97)00218-1.