Refine
Year of publication
- 2001 (9) (remove)
Document Type
- Report (9)
Has Fulltext
- yes (9)
Keywords
- Bingham viscoplastic model (1)
- CFD (1)
- Forschung (1)
- Generalized LBE (1)
- Incompressible Navier-Stokes equations (1)
- Lattice Boltzmann (1)
- Least squares approximation (1)
- Least squares method (1)
- Lehre (1)
- Mehrskalenanalyse (1)
Faculty / Organisational entity
- Fraunhofer (ITWM) (9) (remove)
A Lagrangian particle scheme is applied to the projection method for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The approximation of spatial derivatives is obtained by the weighted least squares method. The pressure Poisson equation is solved by a local iterative procedure with the help of the least squares method. Numerical tests are performed for two dimensional cases. The Couette flow, Poiseuelle flow, decaying shear flow and the driven cavity flow are presented. The numerical solutions are obtained for stationary as well as instationary cases and are compared with the analytical solutions for channel flows. Finally, the driven cavity in a unit square is considered and the stationary solution obtained from this scheme is compared with that from the finite element method.
»Denn nichts ist für den Menschen als Menschen etwas wert, was er nicht mit Leidenschaft tun kann«
(2001)
Vortrag anlässlich der Verleihung des Akademiepreises des Landes Rheinland-Pfalz am 21.11.2001 Was macht einen guten Hochschullehrer aus? Auf diese Frage gibt es sicher viele verschiedene, fachbezogene Antworten, aber auch ein paar allgemeine Gesichtspunkte: es bedarf der »Leidenschaft« für die Forschung (Max Weber), aus der dann auch die Begeisterung für die Lehre erwächst. Forschung und Lehre gehören zusammen, um die Wissenschaft als lebendiges Tun vermitteln zu können. Der Vortrag gibt Beispiele dafür, wie in angewandter Mathematik Forschungsaufgaben aus praktischen Alltagsproblemstellungen erwachsen, die in die Lehre auf verschiedenen Stufen (Gymnasium bis Graduiertenkolleg) einfließen; er leitet damit auch zu einem aktuellen Forschungsgebiet, der Mehrskalenanalyse mit ihren vielfältigen Anwendungen in Bildverarbeitung, Materialentwicklung und Strömungsmechanik über, was aber nur kurz gestreift wird. Mathematik erscheint hier als eine moderne Schlüsseltechnologie, die aber auch enge Beziehungen zu den Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften hat.
Free Surface Lattice-Boltzmann Method To Model The Filling Of Expanding Cavities By Bingham Fluids
(2001)
The filling process of viscoplastic metal alloys and plastics in expanding cavities is modelled using the lattice Boltzmann method in two and three dimensions. These models combine the regularized Bingham model for viscoplastic with a free-interface algorithm. The latter is based on a modified immiscible lattice Boltzmann model in which one species is the fluid and the other one is considered as vacuum. The boundary conditions at the curved liquid-vacuum interface are met without any geometrical front reconstruction from a first-order Chapman-Enskog expansion. The numerical results obtained with these models are found in good agreement with available theoretical and numerical analysis.
In this paper mathematical models for liquid films generated by impinging jets are discussed. Attention is stressed to the interaction of the liquid film with some obstacle. S. G. Taylor [Proc. R. Soc. London Ser. A 253, 313 (1959)] found that the liquid film generated by impinging jets is very sensitive to properties of the wire which was used as an obstacle. The aim of this presentation is to propose a modification of the Taylor's model, which allows to simulate the film shape in cases, when the angle between jets is different from 180°. Numerical results obtained by discussed models give two different shapes of the liquid film similar as in Taylors experiments. These two shapes depend on the regime: either droplets are produced close to the obstacle or not. The difference between two regimes becomes larger if the angle between jets decreases. Existence of such two regimes can be very essential for some applications of impinging jets, if the generated liquid film can have a contact with obstacles.
To simulate the influence of process parameters to the melt spinning process a fiber model is used and coupled with CFD calculations of the quench air flow. In the fiber model energy, momentum and mass balance are solved for the polymer mass flow. To calculate the quench air the Lattice Boltzmann method is used. Simulations and experiments for different process parameters and hole configurations are compared and show a good agreement.
To simulate the influence of process parameters to the melt spinning process a fiber model is used and coupled with CFD calculations of the quench air flow. In the fiber model energy, momentum and mass balance are solved for the polymer mass flow. To calculate the quench air the Lattice Boltzmann method is used. Simulations and experiments for different process parameters and hole configurations are compared and show a good agreement. Keywords: Melt spinning, fiber model, Lattice Boltzmann, CFD.
This paper details models and algorithms which can be applied to evacuation problems. While it concentrates on building evacuation many of the results are applicable also to regional evacuation. All models consider the time as main parameter, where the travel time between components of the building is part of the input and the overall evacuation time is the output. The paper distinguishes between macroscopic and microscopic evacuation models both of which are able to capture the evacuees' movement over time. Macroscopic models are mainly used to produce good lower bounds for the evacuation time and do not consider any individual behavior during the emergency situation. These bounds can be used to analyze existing buildings or help in the design phase of planning a building. Macroscopic approaches which are based on dynamic network flow models (minimum cost dynamic flow, maximum dynamic flow, universal maximum flow, quickest path and quickest flow) are described. A special feature of the presented approach is the fact, that travel times of evacuees are not restricted to be constant, but may be density dependent. Using multicriteria optimization priority regions and blockage due to fire or smoke may be considered. It is shown how the modelling can be done using time parameter either as discrete or continuous parameter. Microscopic models are able to model the individual evacuee's characteristics and the interaction among evacuees which influence their movement. Due to the corresponding huge amount of data one uses simulation approaches. Some probabilistic laws for individual evacuee's movement are presented. Moreover ideas to model the evacuee's movement using cellular automata (CA) and resulting software are presented. In this paper we will focus on macroscopic models and only summarize some of the results of the microscopic approach. While most of the results are applicable to general evacuation situations, we concentrate on building evacuation.
The objective of this paper is to bridge the gap between location theory and practice. To meet this objective focus is given to the development of software capable of addressing the different needs of a wide group of users. There is a very active community on location theory encompassing many research fields such as operations research, computer science, mathematics, engineering, geography, economics and marketing. As a result, people working on facility location problems have a very diverse background and also different needs regarding the software to solve these problems. For those interested in non-commercial applications (e. g. students and researchers), the library of location algorithms (LoLA can be of considerable assistance. LoLA contains a collection of efficient algorithms for solving planar, network and discrete facility location problems. In this paper, a detailed description of the functionality of LoLA is presented. In the fields of geography and marketing, for instance, solving facility location problems requires using large amounts of demographic data. Hence, members of these groups (e. g. urban planners and sales managers) often work with geographical information too s. To address the specific needs of these users, LoLA was inked to a geographical information system (GIS) and the details of the combined functionality are described in the paper. Finally, there is a wide group of practitioners who need to solve large problems and require special purpose software with a good data interface. Many of such users can be found, for example, in the area of supply chain management (SCM). Logistics activities involved in strategic SCM include, among others, facility location planning. In this paper, the development of a commercial location software tool is also described. The too is embedded in the Advanced Planner and Optimizer SCM software developed by SAP AG, Walldorf, Germany. The paper ends with some conclusions and an outlook to future activities.
In the Finite-Volume-Particle Method (FVPM), the weak formulation of a hyperbolic conservation law is discretized by restricting it to a discrete set of test functions. In contrast to the usual Finite-Volume approach, the test functions are not taken as characteristic functions of the control volumes in a spatial grid, but are chosen from a partition of unity with smooth and overlapping partition functions (the particles), which can even move along prescribed velocity fields. The information exchange between particles is based on standard numerical flux functions. Geometrical information, similar to the surface area of the cell faces in the Finite-Volume Method and the corresponding normal directions are given as integral quantities of the partition functions. After a brief derivation of the Finite-Volume-Particle Method, this work focuses on the role of the geometric coefficients in the scheme.