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Spline functions that approximate (geostrophic) wind field or ocean circulation data are developed in a weighted Sobolev space setting on the (unit) sphere. Two problems are discussed in more detail: the modelling of the (geostrophic) wind field from (i)discrete scalar air pressure data and (ii) discrete vectorial velocity data. Domain decomposition methods based on the Schwarz alternating algorithm for positive definite symmetric matrices are described for solving large linear systems occuring in vectorial spline interpolation or smoothing of geostrophic flow.
This survey paper deals with multiresolution analysis from geodetically relevant data and its numerical realization for functions harmonic outside a (Bjerhammar) sphere inside the Earth. Harmonic wavelets are introduced within a suit- able framework of a Sobolev-like Hilbert space. Scaling functions and wavelets are defined by means of convolutions. A pyramid scheme provides efficient implementation und economical computation. Essential tools are the multiplicative Schwarz alternating algorithm (providing domain decomposition procedures) and fast multipole techniques (accelerating iterative solvers of linear systems).
A geoscientifically relevant wavelet approach is established for the classical (inner) displacement problem corresponding to a regular surface (such as sphere, ellipsoid, actual earth's surface). Basic tools are the limit and jump relations of (linear) elastostatics. Scaling functions and wavelets are formulated within the framework of the vectorial Cauchy-Navier equation. Based on appropriate numerical integration rules a pyramid scheme is developed providing fast wavelet transform (FWT). Finally multiscale deformation analysis is investigated numerically for the case of a spherical boundary.