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Methodology for Building CBR Applications (1998)

Bergmann, Ralph ; Althoff, Klaus-Dieter

As the previous chapters of this book have shown, case-based reasoning is a technology that has been successfully applied to a large range of different tasks. Through all the different CBR projects, both basic research projects as well as industrial development projects, lots of knowledge and experience about how to build a CBR application has been collected. Today, there is already an increasing number of successful companies developing industrial CBR applications. In former days, these companies could develop their early pioneering CBR applications in an ad-hoc manner. The highly-skilled CBR expert of the company was able to manage these projects and to provide the developers with the required expertise.

The INRECA-II Methodology for Building and Maintaining CBR Applications (1998)

Bergmann, Ralph

This paper presents a brief overview of the INRECA-II methodology for building and maintaining CBR applications. It is based on the experience factory and the software process modeling approach from software engineering. CBR development and maintenance experience is documented using software process models and stored in a three-layered experience packet.

Towards a New Formal Model of Transformational Adaptation in Case-Based Reasoning (1998)

Bergmann, Ralph ; Wilke, Wolfgang

Although several systematic analyses of existing approaches to adaptation have been published recently, a general formal adaptation framework is still missing. This paper presents a step into the direction of developing such a formal model of transformational adaptation. The model is based on the notion of the quality of a solution to a problem, while quality is meant in a more general sense and can also denote some kind of appropriateness, utility, or degree of correctness. Adaptation knowledge is then defined in terms of functions transforming one case into a successor case. The notion of quality provides us with a semantics for adaptation knowledge and allows us to define terms like soundness, correctness and completeness. In this view, adaptation (and even the whole CBR process) appears to be a special instance of an optimization problem.

On the Use of Taxonomies for Representing Case Features and Local Similarity Measures (1998)

Bergmann, Ralph

For defining attribute types to be used in the case representation, taxonomies occur quite often. The symbolic values at any node of the taxonomy tree are used as attribute values in a case or a query. A taxonomy type represents a relationship between the symbols through their position within the taxonomy-tree which expresses knowledge about the similarity between the symbols. This paper analyzes several situations in which taxonomies are used in different ways and proposes a systematic way of specifying local similarity measures for taxonomy types. The proposed similarity measures have a clear semantics and are easy to compute at runtime.

Negotiation During Intelligent Sales Support with Case-Based Reasoning (1998)

Bergmann, Ralph ; Wilke, Wolfgang ; Wess, Stefan

This paper motivates the necessity for support for negotiation during Sales Support on the Internet within Case-Based Reasoning solutions. Different negotiation approaches are discussed and a general model of the sales process is presented. Further, the tradition al CBR-cycle is modified in such a way that iterative retrieval during a CBR consulting session is covered by the new model. Several gen eral characteristics of negotiation are described and a case study is shown where preliminary approaches are used to negotiate with a cu stomer about his demands and available products in a 'CBR-based' Electronic Commerce solution.

Similarity Measures for Object-Oriented Case Representations (1998)

Bergmann, Ralph ; Stahl, Armin

Object-oriented case representations require approaches for similarity assessment that allow to compare two differently structured objects, in particular, objects belonging to different object classes. Currently, such similarity measures are developed more or less in an ad-hoc fashion. It is mostly unclear, how the structure of an object-oriented case model, e.g., the class hierarchy, influences similarity assessment. Intuitively, it is obvious that the class hierarchy contains knowledge about the similarity of the objects. However, how this knowledge relates to the knowledge that could be represented in similarity measures is not obvious at all. This paper analyzes several situations in which class hierarchies are used in different ways for case modeling and proposes a systematic way of specifying similarity measures for comparing arbitrary objects from the hierarchy. The proposed similarity measures have a clear semantics and are computationally inexpensive to compute at run-time.

Case-Based and Symbolic Classification Algorithms? - A Case Study using Version Space (1998)

Globig, Christoph ; Wess, Stefan

Contrary to symbolic learning approaches, that represent a learned concept explicitly, case-based approaches describe concepts implicitly by a pair (CB; sim), i.e. by a measure of similarity sim and a set CB of cases. This poses the question if there are any differences concerning the learning power of the two approaches. In this article we will study the relationship between the case base, the measure of similarity, and the target concept of the learning process. To do so, we transform a simple symbolic learning algorithm (the version space algorithm) into an equivalent case-based variant. The achieved results strengthen the hypothesis of the equivalence of the learning power of symbolic and casebased methods and show the interdependency between the measure used by a case-based algorithm and the target concept.

MrcLambda - A System for Computing Gröbner Bases in Monoid and Group Rings (1998)

Reinert, Birgit ; Zeckzer, Dirk

Gröbner bases and Buchberger's algorithm have been generalized to monoid and group rings. This paper presents a discription of an implementation of prefix Gröbner basis procedures in this setting.

3D Menschvermessung im TOPAS-Projekt (1998)

Hamfeld, Helmut ; Hansen, Guido ; Puttkamer, Ewald von ; Trieb, Rainer

Vorgestellt wird ein System basierend auf einem 3D-Scanner nach dem Licht- schnitt-Prinzip mit dem es möglich ist, einen Menschen innerhalb von 1,5 Sekun- den dreidimensional zu erfassen. Mit Hilfe von Evolutionären Algorithmen wird über eine modellbasierte Dateninterpretation die Auswertung der Meßdaten betrie- ben, so daß beliebige Körpermaße ermittelt werden können. Das Ergebnis ist ein individualisiertes CAD-Modells der Person im Rechner. Ein derartiges Modell kann als virtuelle Kleiderpuppe zur Produktion von Maßbekleidung dienen.

Ein verhaltensorientierter Ansatz zum flächendeckenden Fahren in a priori unbekannter Umgebung (1998)

Kasper, Michael ; Müller, Dirk ; Puttkamer, Ewald von

In diesem Aufsatz wird ein Verfahren zum flächendeckenden Fahren in zu- nächst unbekannter Umgebung beschrieben, wie es z.B. für Reinigungsanwen- dungen im Heimbereich benötigt wird. Parallel zur Durchführung der Reini- gungsaufgabe wird dabei die Umgebung exploriert und kartiert. Der verhaltensorientierte Ansatz ermöglicht eine robuste, zielgerichtete und dennoch ressourcenschonende Implementierung und gestattet es, einzelne Ver- haltensweisen leicht durch verbesserte oder auch speziell erlernte Versionen auszutauschen. Das vorgestellte Verfahren wurde simulativ getestet und wird in Kürze auf einem realen Roboter erprobt.

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