Schriften der AG Mathematische Bildverbarbeitung und Datenanalyse
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This paper presents a new similarity measure and nonlocal filters for images corrupted by multiplicative noise. The considered filters are generalizations of the nonlocal means filter of Buades et al., which is known to be well suited for removing additive Gaussian noise. To adapt to different noise models, the patch comparison involved in this filter has first of all to be performed by a suitable noise dependent similarity measure. To this purpose, we start by studying a probabilistic measure recently proposed for general noise models by Deledalle et al. We analyze this measure in the context of conditional density functions and examine its properties for images corrupted by additive and multiplicative noise. Since it turns out to have unfavorable properties for multiplicative noise we deduce a new similarity measure consisting of a probability density function specially chosen for this type of noise. The properties of our new measure are studied theoretically as well as by numerical experiments. To obtain the final nonlocal filters we apply a weighted maximum likelihood estimation framework, which also incorporates the noise statistics. Moreover, we define the weights occurring in these filters using our new similarity measure and propose different adaptations to further improve the results. Finally, restoration results for images corrupted by multiplicative Gamma and Rayleigh noise are presented to demonstrate the very good performance of our nonlocal filters.
In recent years, convex optimization methods were successfully applied for various image processing tasks and a large number of first-order methods were designed to minimize the corresponding functionals. Interestingly, it was shown recently by Grewenig et al. that the simple idea of so-called “superstep cycles” leads to very efficient schemes for time-dependent (parabolic) image enhancement problems as well as for steady state (elliptic) image compression tasks. The ”superstep cycles” approach is similar to the nonstationary (cyclic)
Richardson method which has been around for over sixty years.
In this paper, we investigate the incorporation of superstep cycles into the gradient descent reprojection method. We show for two problems in compressive sensing and image processing, namely the LASSO approach and the Rudin-Osher-Fatemi model that the resulting simple cyclic gradient descent reprojection algorithm can numerically compare with various state-of-the-art first-order algorithms. However, due to the nonlinear
projection within the algorithm convergence proofs even under restrictive assumptions on the linear operators appear to be hard. We demonstrate the difficulties by studying the
simplest case of a two-cycle algorithm in R^2 with projections onto the Euclidian ball.