Report in Wirtschaftsmathematik (WIMA Report)
Refine
Year of publication
- 2001 (4) (remove)
Document Type
- Preprint (4) (remove)
Language
- English (4)
Has Fulltext
- yes (4)
Faculty / Organisational entity
79
A natural extension of point facility location problems are those problems in which facilities are extensive, i.e. those that can not be represented by isolated points but as some dimensional structures such as straight lines, segments of lines, polygonal curves or circles. In this paper a review of the existing work on the location of extensive facilities in continuous spaces is given. Gaps in the knowledge are identified and suggestions for further research are made.
76
Given a railway network together with information on the population and their use of the railway infrastructure, we are considering the e ffects of introducing new train stops in the existing railway network. One e ffect concerns the accessibility of the railway infrastructure to the population, measured in how far people live from their nearest train stop. The second effect we study is the change in travel time for the railway customers that is induced by new train stops. Based on these two models, we introduce two combinatorial optimization problems and give NP-hardness results for them. We suggest an algorithmic approach for the model based on travel time and give first experimental results.
75
Abstract: Evacuation problems can be modeled as flow problems in dynamic networks. A dynamic network is defined by a directed graph G = (N,A) with sources, sinks and non-negative integral travel times and capacities for every arc (i,j) e A. The earliest arrival flow problem is to send a maximum amount of dynamic flow reaching the sink not only for the given time horizon T, but also for any time T' < T . This problem mimics the evacuation problem of public buildings where occupancies may not known. For the buildings where the number of occupancies is known and concentrated only in one source, the quickest flow model is used to find the minimum egress time. We propose in this paper a solution procedure for evacuation problems with a single source of the building where the occupancy number is either known or unknown. The possibility that the flow capacity may change due to the increasing of smoke density or fire obstructions can be mirrored in our model. The solution procedure looks iteratively for the shortest conditional augmenting path (SCAP) from source to sink and compute the time intervals in which flow reaches the sink via this path.
74
The anchored hyperplane location problem is to locate a hyperplane passing through some given points P IR^n and minimizing either the sum of weighted distances (median problem), or the maximum weighted distance (center problem) to some other points Q IR^n . If the distances are measured by a norm, it will be shown that in the median case there exists an optimal hyperplane that passes through at least n - k affinely independent points of Q, if k is the maximum number of affinely independent points of P. In the center case, there exists an optimal hyperplane which isatmaximum distance to at least n - k + 1 affinely independent points of Q. Furthermore, if the norm is a smooth norm, all optimal hyperplanes satisfy these criteria. These new results generalize known results about unrestricted hyperplane location problems.