Berichte der Arbeitsgruppe Technomathematik (AGTM Report)
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In this article a diffusion equation is obtained as a limit of a reversible kinetic equation with an ad hoc scaling. The diffusion is produced by the collisions of the particles with the boundary. These particles are assumed to be reflected according to a reversible law having convenient mixing properties. Optimal convergence results are obtained in a very simple manner. This is made possible because the model, based on Arnold" s cat map can be handled with Fourier series instead of the symbolic dynamics associated to a Markow partition.
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The Boltzmann equation solutions are considered for the small Knudsen number. The main attention is devoted to certain deviations from the classical Navier-Stokes description. The equations for the quasistationary slow flows are derived. These equations do not contain the Knudsen number and provide in this sense a limiting description of hydrodynamical variables. Two well-known special cases are also indicated. In the isothermal case the equations are equivalent to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, in stationary case they coincide with the equations of slow non-isothermal flows. It is shown that the derived equations possess all principal properties of the Boltzmann equation on contrast to the Burnett equations. In one dimension the equations reduce to the nonlinear diffusion equations, being exactly solvable for Maxwell molecules. Multidimensional stationary heat-transfer problems are also discussed. It is shown that one can expect an essential difference between the Boltzmann equaiton solution in the limit of the continuous media and the corresponding solution of the Navier-Stokes equations.
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The paper presents some approximation methods for the Boltzmann equation. In the first part fully implicit discretization techniques for the spatially homogeneous Boltzmann equation are investigated. The implicit equation is solved using an iteration process. It is shown that the iteration converges to the correct solution for the moments of the distribution function as long as the mass conservation is strictly fulfilled. For a simple model Boltzmann equation some unexpected features of the implicit scheme and the corresponding iteration process are clarified. In the second part a new iteration algorithm is proposed which should be used for the stationary Boltzmann equation. The realization of the method is very similar to the standard splitting algorithms except some new stochastic elements.
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Based on normalized coprime factorizations with respect to indefinite metrics and the construction of suitable characteristic functions, the Ober balanced canonical forms for the classes of bounded real and positive real are derived. This uses a matrix representation of the shift realization with respect to a basis related to sets of orthogonal polynomials.
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Linear half-space problems can be used to solve domain decomposition problems between Boltzmann and aerodynamic equations. A new fast numerical method computing the asymptotic states and outgoing distributions for a linearized BGK half-space problem is presented. Relations with the so-called variational methods are discussed. In particular, we stress the connection between these methods and Chapman-Enskog type expansions.
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In this paper we deal with the problem of computing the stresses in stationary loaded bearings. A method to obtain the pressure in the lubrication fluid, which is given as a solution of Reynolds" differential equation, is presented. Furthermore, using the theory of plain stress, the stresses in the bearing shell are described by derivatives of biharmonic functions. A spline interpolation method for computing these functions is developed and an estimate for the error on the boundaries is presented. Finally the described methods are tested theoretically as well as with real examples.
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Whenever new parts of a car have been developed, the manufacturer needs an estimation of the lifetime of this new part. On one hand the construction must not be too weak, so that the part holds long enough to satisfy the customer, but on the other hand, if the construction is too excessive, the part gets too heavy.; One is interested in methods that only need few measured data from the specimen itself, but use data about the material, because constructing and testing of specimen is expensive.