Berichte der Arbeitsgruppe Technomathematik (AGTM Report)
Refine
Year of publication
- 1996 (14) (remove)
Document Type
- Preprint (14) (remove)
Keywords
- Boltzmann Equation (1)
- Collision Operator (1)
- Hamiltonian (1)
- Kinetic Theory of Gases (1)
- Minimum Principle (1)
- Pontrjagin (1)
- junction (1)
- singular optimal control (1)
Faculty / Organisational entity
169
The purpose of this paper is to present the state of the art in singular optimal control. If the Hamiltonian in an interval \([t_1,t_2]\) is independent of the control we call the control in this interval singular. Singular optimal controls appear in many applications so that research has been motivated since the 1950s. Often optimal controls consist of nonsingular and singular parts where the junctions between these parts are mostly very difficult to find. One section of this work shows the actual knowledge about the location of the junctions and the behaviour of the control at the junctions. The definition and the properties of the orders (problem order and arc order), which are important in this context, are given, too. Another chapter considers multidimensional controls and how they can be treated. An alternate definition of the orders in the multidimensional case is proposed and a counterexample, which confirms a remark given in the 1960s, is given. A voluminous list of optimality conditions, which can be found in several publications, is added. A strategy for solving optimal control problems numerically is given, and the existing algorithms are compared with each other. Finally conclusions and an outlook on the future research is given.
167
The paper presents some adaptive load balance techniques for the simulation of rarefied gas flows on parallel computers. It is shown that a static load balance is insufficient to obtain a scalable parallel efficiency. Hence, two adaptive techniques are investigated which are based on simple algorithms. Numerical results show that using heuristic techniques one can achieve a sufficiently high efficiency over a wide range of different hardware platforms.
166
Here the almost sure convergence of one dimensional Kohonen" s algorithm in its general form, namely, 2k point neightbour setting with a non-uniform stimuli distribution is proved. We show that the asymptotic behaviour of the algorithm is governed by a cooperative system of differential equations which in general is irreducible. The system of differential equation has an asymptotically stable fixed point which a compact subset of its domain of attraction will be visited by the state variable Xn infinitely often.
165
The paper presents some new estimates on the gain term of the Boltzmann collision operator. For Maxwellian molecules, it is shown that the L -norm of the gain term can be bounded in terms of the L1 and L -norm of the density function f. In the case of more general collision kernels, like the hard-sphere interaction potential, the gain term is estimated pointwise by the L -norm of the density function and the loss term of the Boltzmann collision operator.
164
Die Theorie der mehrdimensionalen Systeme ist ein relativ junges Forschungsgebiet innerhalb der Systemtheorie, erste Arbeiten stammen aus den 70er Jahren. Hauptmotiv für das Studium multidimensionaler Systeme war die Notwendigkeit einer Erweiterung der Theorie der digitalen Filter, die in der klassischen, eindimensionalen Signalverarbeitung (zeitabhängige Signale) Anwendung finden, auf den Bereich der Bildverarbeitung, also auf zweidimensionale Signale.; Die Vorlesung beschäftigt sich daher in ihrem ersten Teil mit skalaren zweidimensionalen Systemen und beschränkt sich im wesentlichen auf den linearen Fall. Untersucht werden zweidimensionale Filter, ihre wichtigsten Eigenschaften, Kausalität und Stabilität, sowie ihre Zustandsraum- realisierungen, etwa die Modelle von Roesser und Fornasini-Marchesini. Parallelen und Unterschiede zur eindimensionalen Systemtheorie werden betont.; Im zweiten Teil der Vorlesung werden allgemeine höherdimensionale und multivariable Systeme behandelt. Für diese Systeme erweist sich der von Jan Willems begründete Zugang zur Systemtheorie, der sogenannte behavioral approach, als zweckmäßig. Grundlegende Ideen dieses Ansatzes sowie eine der wichtigsten Methoden zum Rechnen mit Polynomen in mehreren Variablen, die Theorie der Gröbnerbasen, werden vorgestellt.
163
Based on a new definition of delation a scale discrete version of spherical multiresolution is described, starting from a scale discrete wavelet transform on the sphere. Depending on the type of application, different families of wavelets are chosen. In particular, spherical Shannon wavelets are constructed that form an orthogonal multiresolution analysis. Finally fully discrete wavelet approximation is discussed in case of band-limited wavelets.
162
In the present paper a general criticism of kinetic equations for vehicular traffic is given. The necessity of introducing an Enskog-type correction into these equations is shown. An Enskog-line kinetic traffic flow equation is presented and fluid dynamic equations are derived. This derivation yields new coefficients for the standard fluid dynamic equations of vehicular traffic. Numerical simulations for inhomogeneous traffic flow situations are shown together with a comparison between kinetic and fluid dynamic models.
161
Satellite gradiometry and its instrumentation is an ultra-sensitive detection technique of the space gravitational gradient (i.e. the Hesse tensor of the gravitational potential). Gradeometry will be of great significance in inertial navigation, gravity survey, geodynamics and earthquake prediction research. In this paper, satellite gradiometry formulated as an inverse problem of satellite geodesy is discussed from two mathematical aspects: Firstly, satellite gradiometry is considered as a continuous problem of harmonic downward continuation. The space-borne gravity gradients are assumed to be known continuously over the satellite (orbit) surface. Our purpose is to specify sufficient conditions under which uniqueness and existence can be guaranteed. It is shown that, in a spherical context, uniqueness results are obtainable by decomposition of the Hesse matrix in terms of tensor spherical harmonics. In particular, the gravitational potential is proved to be uniquely determined if second order radial derivatives are prescribed at satellite height. This information leads us to a reformulation of satellite gradiometry as a (Fredholm) pseudodifferential equation of first kind. Secondly, for a numerical realization, we assume the gravitational gradients to be known for a finite number of discrete points. The discrete problem is dealt with classical regularization methods, based on filtering techniques by means of spherical wavelets. A spherical singular integral-like approach to regularization methods is established, regularization wavelets are developed which allow the regularization in form of a multiresolution analysis. Moreover, a combined spherical harmonic and spherical regularization wavelet solution is derived as an appropriate tool in future (global and local) high-presision resolution of the earth" s gravitational potential.