Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Physik
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We report on the exchange bias effect as a function of the in-plane direction of the applied field in two-fold symmetric, epitaxial Ni80Fe20/Fe50Mn50 bilayers grown on Cu(110) single crystal substrates. An enhancement of the exchange bias field, Heb, up to a factor of two is observed if the external field is nearly, but not fully aligned perpendicular to the symmetry direction of the exchange bias field. From the measurement of the ex-change bias field as a function of the in-plane angle of the applied field, the unidirectional, uniaxial and four-fold anisotropy contributions are determined with high precision. The symmetry direction of the unidirec-tional anisotropy switches with increasing NiFe thickness from [110] to [001].
Abstract: The classification of quasi - primary fields is outlined. It is proved that the only conserved quasi - primary currents are the energy - momentum tensor and the O(N)-Noether currents. Derivation of all quasi - primary fields and the resolution of degeneracy is sketched. Finally the limits d = 2 and d = 4 of the space dimension are discussed. Whereas the latter is trivial the former is only almost so. (To appear in the Proceedings of the XXII Conference on Differential Geometry Methods in Theoretical Physics, Ixtapa, Mexico, September 20-24, 1993)
Recently renewed interest in solitons has arisen in connection with exceptional statistics occuring in low-dimensional quantum field theory. The nonperturbative approach to quantum solitons [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], based on the notion of a disorder variable [6, 7], does not make use of the well-known semiclassical quantisation procedure around classical soliton solutions [8]. In a recent article [9] the author introduced multicomponent scalar field models, treated nonperturbatively on a Euclidean space-time lattice. The exponentially decaying disorder correlation functions are connected with soliton fields showing nonAbelian braid group statistics. It is the aim of this note to present the corresponding classical soliton solutions, which do not seem to have appeared in the literature.
Abstract: We calculate exact analytical expressions for O(alpha s) 3-jet and O (alpha^2 s ) 4-jet cross sections in polarized deep inelastic lepton nucleon scattering. Introducing an invariant jet definition scheme, we present differential distributions of 3- and 4-jet cross sections in the basic kinematical variables x and W^2 as well as total jet cross sections and show their dependence on the chosen spin-dependent (polarized) parton distributions. Noticebly differences in the predictions are found for the two extreme choices, i.e. a large negative sea-quark density or a large positive gluon density. Therefore, it may be possible to discriminate between different parametrizations of polarized parton densities, and hence between the different physical pictures of the proton spin underlying these parametrizations.
The distribution of quasiprimary fields of fixed classes characterized by their O(N) representations Y and the number p of vector fields from which they are composed at N=infty in dependence on their normal dimension delta is shown to obey a Hardy-Ramanujan law at leading order in a 1/N-expansion. We develop a method of collective fusion of the fundamental fields which yields arbitrary qps and resolves any degeneracy.
A new approach with BRST invariance is suggested to cure the degeneracy problem of ill defined path integrals in the path- integral calculation of quantum mechanical tunneling effects in which the problem arises due to the occurrence of zero modes. The Faddeev-Popov procedure is avoided and the integral over the zero mode is transformed in a systematic way into a well defined integral over instanton positions. No special procedure has to be adopted as in the Faddeev-Popov method in calculating the Jacobian of the transformation. The quantum mechanical tunneling for the Sine-Gordon potential is used as a test of the method and the width of the lowest energy band is obtained in exact agreement with that of WKB calculations.
It is shown that nonvacuum pseudoparticles can account for quantum tunneling and metastability. In particular the saddle- point nature of the pseudoparticles is demonstrated, and the evaluation of path-integrals in their neighbourhood. Finally the relation between instantons and bounces is used to derive a result conjectured by Bogomolny and Fateyev.
2D quantum dilaton gravitational Hamiltonian, boundary terms and new definition for total energy
(1995)
The ADM and Bondi mass for the RST model have been first discussed from Hawking and Horowitz's argument. Since there is a nonlocal term in the RST model, the RST lagrangian has to be localized so that Hawking and Horowitz's proposal can be carried out. Expressing the localized RST action in terms of the ADM formulation, the RST Hamiltonian can be derived, meanwhile keeping track of all boundary terms. Then the total boundary terms can be taken as the total energy for the RST model. Our result shows that the previous expression for the ADM and Bondi mass actually needs to be modified at quantum level, but at classical level, our mass formula can be reduced to that given by Bilal and Kogan [5] and de Alwis [6]. It has been found that there is a new contribution to the ADM and Bondi mass from the RST boundary due to the existence of the hidden dynamical field. The ADM and Bondi mass with and without the RST boundary for the static and dynamical solutions have been discussed respectively in detail, and some new properties have been found. The thunderpop of the RST model has also been encountered in our new Bondi mass formula.