Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Mathematik
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- Boltzmann Equation (1)
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Die Theorie der mehrdimensionalen Systeme ist ein relativ junges Forschungsgebiet innerhalb der Systemtheorie, erste Arbeiten stammen aus den 70er Jahren. Hauptmotiv für das Studium multidimensionaler Systeme war die Notwendigkeit einer Erweiterung der Theorie der digitalen Filter, die in der klassischen, eindimensionalen Signalverarbeitung (zeitabhängige Signale) Anwendung finden, auf den Bereich der Bildverarbeitung, also auf zweidimensionale Signale.; Die Vorlesung beschäftigt sich daher in ihrem ersten Teil mit skalaren zweidimensionalen Systemen und beschränkt sich im wesentlichen auf den linearen Fall. Untersucht werden zweidimensionale Filter, ihre wichtigsten Eigenschaften, Kausalität und Stabilität, sowie ihre Zustandsraum- realisierungen, etwa die Modelle von Roesser und Fornasini-Marchesini. Parallelen und Unterschiede zur eindimensionalen Systemtheorie werden betont.; Im zweiten Teil der Vorlesung werden allgemeine höherdimensionale und multivariable Systeme behandelt. Für diese Systeme erweist sich der von Jan Willems begründete Zugang zur Systemtheorie, der sogenannte behavioral approach, als zweckmäßig. Grundlegende Ideen dieses Ansatzes sowie eine der wichtigsten Methoden zum Rechnen mit Polynomen in mehreren Variablen, die Theorie der Gröbnerbasen, werden vorgestellt.
The paper presents some new estimates on the gain term of the Boltzmann collision operator. For Maxwellian molecules, it is shown that the L -norm of the gain term can be bounded in terms of the L1 and L -norm of the density function f. In the case of more general collision kernels, like the hard-sphere interaction potential, the gain term is estimated pointwise by the L -norm of the density function and the loss term of the Boltzmann collision operator.
Some formulae, containing logarithmic derivatives of (smooth) measures on infinitedimensional spaces, arise in quite different situations. In particular, logarithmic derivatives of a measure are inserted in the Schr"odinger equastion in the space consisting of functions that are square integrable with respect to this measure, what allows us to describe very simply a procedure of (canonical) quantization of infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems with the linear phase space. Further, the problem of reconstructing of a measure by its logarithmic derivative (that was posed in [1] independently of any applications) can be equivalent either to the problem of finding the "ground state" (considered as some measure) for infinite-dimensional Schr"odinger equation, or to the problem of finding an invariant measure for a stochastic differential equation (that is a central question of so-called stochastic quantization), or to the problem of recenstruc ting "Gibbsian measure by its specification" (i.e. by a collection of finite-dimensional conditional distributions). Logarithmic derivatives of some measure appear in Cameron-Martin-Girsanov-Maruyama formulae and in its generalizations related to arbitrary smooth measures; they allow also to connect these formulae and the Feynman-Kac formulae. This note discusses all these topics. Of course due to its shortness the presentation is formal in main, and precise analitical assumptions are usually absent. Actually only a list of formulae with small comments is given. Let us mention also that we do not consider at all so-called Dirichlet forms to which a great deal of literature is devoted (cf. [3] and references therein to the works of S. Alberion and others).
On derived varieties
(1996)
Derived varieties play an essential role in the theory of hyperidentities. In [11] we have shown that derivation diagrams are a useful tool in the analysis of derived algebras and varieties. In this paper this tool is developed further in order to use it for algebraic constructions of derived algebras. Especially the operator \(S\) of subalgebras, \(H\) of homomorphic irnages and \(P\) of direct products are studied. Derived groupoids from the groupoid \(N or (x,y)\) = \(x'\wedge y'\) and from abelian groups are considered. The latter class serves as an example for fluid algebras and varieties. A fluid variety \(V\) has no derived variety as a subvariety and is introduced as a counterpart for solid varieties. Finally we use a property of the commutator of derived algebras in order to show that solvability and nilpotency are preserved under derivation.
A polynomial function \(f : L \to L\) of a lattice \(\mathcal{L}\) = \((L; \land, \lor)\) is generated by the identity function id \(id(x)=x\) and the constant functions \(c_a (x) = a\) (for every \(x \in L\)), \(a \in L\) by applying the operations \(\land, \lor\) finitely often. Every polynomial function in one or also in several variables is a monotone function of \(\mathcal{L}\).
If every monotone function of \(\mathcal{L}\)is a polynomial function then \(\mathcal{L}\) is called orderpolynomially complete. In this paper we give a new characterization of finite order-polynomially lattices. We consider doubly irreducible monotone functions and point out their relation to tolerances, especially to central relations. We introduce chain-compatible lattices
and show that they have a non-trivial congruence if they contain a finite interval and an infinite chain. The consequences are two new results. A modular lattice \(\mathcal{L}\) with a finite interval is order-polynomially complete if and only if \(\mathcal{L}\) is finite projective geometry. If \(\mathcal{L}\) is simple modular lattice of infinite length then every nontrivial interval is of infinite length and has the same cardinality as any other nontrivial interval of \(\mathcal{L}\). In the last sections we show the descriptive power of polynomial functions of
lattices and present several applications in geometry.
Toying with Jordan matrices
(1996)
Here the almost sure convergence of one dimensional Kohonen" s algorithm in its general form, namely, 2k point neightbour setting with a non-uniform stimuli distribution is proved. We show that the asymptotic behaviour of the algorithm is governed by a cooperative system of differential equations which in general is irreducible. The system of differential equation has an asymptotically stable fixed point which a compact subset of its domain of attraction will be visited by the state variable Xn infinitely often.