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A new method of determining some characteristics of binary images is proposed based on a special linear filtering. This technique enables the estimation of the area fraction, the specific line length, and the specific integral of curvature. Furthermore, the specific length of the total projection is obtained, which gives detailed information about the texture of the image. The influence of lateral and directional resolution depending on the size of the applied filter mask is discussed in detail. The technique includes a method of increasing directional resolution for texture analysis while keeping lateral resolution as high as possible.
A multi-phase composite with periodic distributed inclusions with a smooth boundary is considered in this contribution. The composite component materials are supposed to be linear viscoelastic and aging (of the non-convolution integral type, for which the Laplace transform with respect to time is not effectively applicable) and are subjected to isotropic shrinkage. The free shrinkage deformation can be considered as a fictitious temperature deformation in the behavior law. The procedure presented in this paper proposes a way to determine average (effective homogenized) viscoelastic and shrinkage (temperature) composite properties and the homogenized stress-field from known properties of the components. This is done by the extension of the asymptotic homogenization technique known for pure elastic non-homogeneous bodies to the non-homogeneous thermo-viscoelasticity of the integral non-convolution type. Up to now, the homogenization theory has not covered viscoelasticity of the integral type. Sanchez-Palencia (1980), Francfort & Suquet (1987) (see [2], [9]) have consid- ered homogenization for viscoelasticity of the differential form and only up to the first derivative order. The integral-modeled viscoelasticity is more general then the differential one and includes almost all known differential models. The homogenization procedure is based on the construction of an asymptotic solution with respect to a period of the composite structure. This reduces the original problem to some auxiliary boundary value problems of elasticity and viscoelasticity on the unit periodic cell, of the same type as the original non-homogeneous problem. The existence and uniqueness results for such problems were obtained for kernels satisfying some constrain conditions. This is done by the extension of the Volterra integral operator theory to the Volterra operators with respect to the time, whose 1 kernels are space linear operators for any fixed time variables. Some ideas of such approach were proposed in [11] and [12], where the Volterra operators with kernels depending additionally on parameter were considered. This manuscript delivers results of the same nature for the case of the space-operator kernels.