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- Elastic BVP (3)
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Die Inhalte der in zwei verschiedenen Bundesländern angebotenen Weiterbildungsveranstaltungen für Lehrer und Lehrerinnen aus dem psychologischen Themenfeld wurden den Themenbereichen des Rahmencurriculums "Psychologie in den Lehramtsstudiengängen" der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie (DGPs, 2002) zugeordnet. Sodann wurden die Angebote der Weiterbildungsinstitute mit Relevanzeinschätzungen derselben Themenbereiche durch Lehrkräfte aller Schularten verglichen. Diese Relevanzeinschätzungen waren in einer Fragebogenstudie (Dutke & Singleton, 2006a,b) von 233 Lehrkräften erhoben worden. Angebots- und Relevanzprofile waren korreliert. Im Vergleich zu den Relevanzurteilen unterrepräsentiert waren Themen wie motivationale und emotionale Bedingungen des Lernens und Lehrens, Interventionsmöglichkeiten bei Lern- und Leistungsauffälligkeiten oder der Umgang mit sozial-emotional auffälligem Verhalten. Im Angebot eher überrepräsentiert schienen Grundlagenfragen der Beratung und Intervention zu sein. Implikationen einer nachfrageorientierten Gestaltung der Weiterbildungsangebote sowie Konsequenzen für die Positionierung der Psychologie im Weiterbildungssektor für Lehrkräfte werden diskutiert.
Die Simulation von Prüfständen und insbesondere von Baugruppen und Gesamtfahrzeugen auf Prüfständen durch Kopplung von Mehrkörpersimulation mit Modellen für Regelung und Aktuatorik leistet einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Entwicklungszeitverkürzung. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Kooperationsprojekt vorgestellt, in dem ein Co- Simulationsmodell für die beweglichen Massen sowie die Regelung und Hydraulik eines Gesamtfahrzeugprüfstands erstellt wurde. Es wird sowohl auf die Validierung des Fahrzeugmodells durch Straßenmessungen als auch auf die Identifikation und Validierung des Prüfstandsmodells einschließlich Servohydraulik und Regelung eingegangen.
The paper at hand presents a slender body theory for the dynamics of a curved inertial viscous Newtonian ber. Neglecting surface tension and temperature dependence, the ber ow is modeled as a three-dimensional free boundary value problem via instationary incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. From regular asymptotic expansions in powers of the slenderness parameter leading-order balance laws for mass (cross-section) and momentum are derived that combine the unrestricted motion of the ber center-line with the inner viscous transport. The physically reasonable form of the one-dimensional ber model results thereby from the introduction of the intrinsic velocity that characterizes the convective terms.
Ownership Domains generalize ownership types. They support programming patterns like iterators that are not possible with ordinary ownership types. However, they are still too restrictive for cases in which an object X wants to access the public domains of an arbitrary number of other objects, which often happens in observer scenarios. To overcome this restriction, we developed so-called loose domains which abstract over several precise domains. That is, similar to the relation between supertypes and subtypes we have a relation between loose and precise domains. In addition, we simplified ownership domains by reducing the number of domains per object to two and hard-wiring the access permissions between domains. We formalized the resulting type system for an OO core language and proved type soundness and a fundamental accessibility property.
Over a period of 30 years, ITU-T’s Specification and Description Language (SDL) has matured to a sophisticated formal modelling language for distributed systems and communication protocols. The language definition of SDL-2000, the latest version of SDL, is complex and difficult to maintain. Full tool support for SDL is costly to implement. Therefore, only subsets of SDL are currently supported by tools. These SDL subsets - called SDL profiles - already cover a wide range of systems, and are often suffcient in practice. In this report, we present our approach for extracting the formal semantics for SDL profiles from the complete SDL semantics. We then formalise the approach, present our SDL-profile tool, and report on our experiences.
Katja is a tool generating order-sorted recursive data types as well as position types for Java, from specifications using an enhanced ML like notation. Katja’s main features are its conciseness of specifications, the rich interface provided by the generated code and the Java atypical immutability of types. After several stages of extending and maintaining the Katja project, it became apparent many changes had to be done. The original design of Katja wasn’t prepared for the introduction of several backends, the introduction of position sorts and constant feature enhancements and bug fixes. By supplying this report Katja reaches release status for the first time.
Vor dem Hintergrund anstehender Reformen der Lehramtsstudiengänge schätzten 233 erfahrene Lehrkräfte die Relevanz psychologischer Themen für das Lehramtsstudium und die Weiterbildung von Lehrerinnen und Lehrern in einer Fragenbogenstudie ein. Die Themensammlung basierte auf dem von der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie vorgeschlagenen Rahmencurriculum. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine themenspezifische Variation der Relevanzurteile: So wurde eher handlungsrelevanten Themen wie „Intervention und Beratung“ Vorrang vor vermeintlich theorieorientierten Inhalten, wie „Entwicklungspsychologische Grundlagen“ gegeben. Hierbei zeigten sich schulart- und dienstalterabhängige Urteilsunterschiede. Auch Themen, die die Schule als Organisation betreffen (z. B. Qualitäts¬sicherung) wurden als weniger relevant bewertet. Die Ergebnisse werden hinsichtlich ihrer Implikationen für die Vermittlung psychologischen Wissens in den neuen Lehramtsstudiengängen diskutiert.
Web-based authentication is a popular mechanism implemented by Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISPs) because it allows a simple registration and authentication of customers, while avoiding the high resource requirements of the new IEEE 802.11i security standard and the backward compatibility issues of legacy devices. In this work we demonstrate two different and novel attacks against web-based authentication. One attack exploits operational anomalies of low- and middle-priced devices in order to hijack wireless clients, while the other exploits an already known vulnerability within wired-networks, which in dynamic wireless environments turns out to be even harder to detect and protect against.
In this paper we address the improvement of transfer quality in public mass transit networks. Generally there are several transit operators offering service and our work is motivated by the question how their timetables can be altered to yield optimized transfer possibilities in the overall network. To achieve this, only small changes to the timetables are allowed. The set-up makes it possible to use a quadratic semi-assignment model to solve the optimization problem. We apply this model, equipped with a new way to assess transfer quality, to the solution of four real-world examples. It turns out that improvements in overall transfer quality can be determined by such optimization-based techniques. Therefore they can serve as a first step towards a decision support tool for planners of regional transit networks.
On a multigrid solver for the threedimensional Biot poroelasticity system in multilayered domains
(2006)
In this paper, we present problem–dependent prolongation and problem–dependent restriction for a multigrid solver for the three-dimensional Biot poroelasticity system, which is solved in a multilayered domain. The system is discretized on a staggered grid using the finite volume method. During the discretization, special care is taken of the discontinuous coefficients. For the efficient multigrid solver, a need in operator-dependent restriction and/or prolongation arises. We derive these operators so that they are consistent with the discretization. They account for the discontinuities of the coefficients, as well as for the coupling of the unknowns within the Biot system. A set of numerical experiments shows necessity of use of the operator-dependent restriction and prolongation in the multigrid solver for the considered class of problems.
In this paper we propose a finite volume discretization for the threedimensional Biot poroelasticity system in multilayered domains. For the stability reasons, staggered grids are used. The discretization accounts for discontinuity of the coefficients across the interfaces between layers with different physical properties. Numerical experiments, based on the proposed discretization showed second order convergence in the maximum norm for the primary as well as flux unknowns of the system. A certain application example is presented as well.
Testing a new suspension based on real load data is performed on elaborate multi channel test rigs. Usually wheel forces and moments measured during driving maneuvers are reproduced on the rig. Because of the complicated interaction between rig and suspension each new rig configuration has to prove its efficiency with respect to the requirements and the configuration might be subject to optimization. This paper deals with modeling a new rig concept based on two hexapods. The real physical rig has been designed and meanwhile built by MOOG-FCS for VOLKSWAGEN. The aim of the simulation project reported here was twofold: First the simulation of the rig together with real VOLKSWAGEN suspension models at a time where the design was not yet finalized was used to verify and optimize the desired properties of the rig. Second the simulation environment was set up in a way that it can be used to prepare real tests on the rig. The model contains the geometric configuration as well as the hydraulics and the controller. It is implemented as an ADAMS/Car template and can be combined with different suspension models to get a complete assembly representing the entire test rig. Using this model, all steps required for a real test run such as controller adaptation, drive file iteration and simulation can be performed. Geometric or hydraulic parameters can be modified easily to improve the setup and adapt the system to the suspension and the load data.
In this article, we give some generalisations of existing Lipschitz estimates for the stop and the play operator with respect to an arbitrary convex and closed characteristic a separable Hilbert space. We are especially concerned with the dependency of their outputs with respect to different scalar products.
Reliable methods for the analysis of tolerance-affected analog circuits are of great importance in nowadays microelectronics. It is impossible to produce circuits with exactly those parameter specifications proposed in the design process. Such component tolerances will always lead to small variations of a circuit’s properties, which may result in unexpected behaviour. If lower and upper bounds to parameter variations can be read off the manufacturing process, interval arithmetic naturally enters the circuit analysis area. This paper focuses on the frequency-response analysis of linear analog circuits, typically consisting of current and voltage sources as well as resistors, capacitances, inductances, and several variants of controlled sources. These kind of circuits are still widely used in analog circuit design as equivalent circuit diagrams for representing in certain application tasks Interval methods have been applied to analog circuits before. But yet this was restricted to circuit equations only, with no interdependencies between the matrix elements. But there also exist formulations of analog circuit equations containing dependent terms. Hence, for an efficient application of interval methods, it is crucial to regard possible dependencies in circuit equations. Part and parcel of this strategy is the handling of fill-in patterns for those parameters related to uncertain components. These patterns are used in linear circuit analysis for efficient equation setup. Such systems can efficiently be solved by successive application of the Sherman-Morrison formula. The approach can also be extended to complex-valued systems from frequency domain analysis of more general linear circuits. Complex values result here from a Laplace transform of frequency-dependent components like capacitances and inductances. In order to apply interval techniques, a real representation of the linear system of equations can be used for separate treatment of real and imaginary part of the variables. In this representation each parameter corresponds to the superposition of two fill-in patterns. Crude bounds – obtained by treating both patterns independently – can be improved by consideration of the correlations to tighter enclosures of the solution. The techniques described above have been implemented as an extension to the toolbox Analog Insydes, an add-on package to the computer algebra system Mathematica for modeling, analysis, and design of analog circuits.
In dem Forschungsvorhaben “Schubtragverhalten des Stahlbetongurtes von Verbundträgern im Bereich von großen Stegöffnungen“ wurden umfangreiche experimentelle und rechnerische Untersuchungen zum Querkrafttragverhalten und zur Querkrafttragfähigkeit des Betongurts im Bereich von großen Stegöffnungen durchgeführt. Anhand von 21 großmaßstäblichen Traglastversuchen, die erstmals so konzipiert waren, dass im Öffnungsbereich nahezu die gesamte Querkraft durch den Betongurt übertragen werden musste, konnte die Querkrafttragfähigkeit des Betongurts bestimmt werden. Neue Erkenntnisse über den Lastabtragungs- und Versagensmechanismus im Öffnungsbereich konnten durch die Auswertung der Dehnungen der Kopfbolzendübel im Öffnungsbereich und das nachträgliche Aufsägen des Betongurts der Versuchsträger gewonnen werden. Im rechnerischen Teil wurden ein dreidimensionales FE-Modell erstellt, das die Versuche in ihren wesentlichen Teilen abbildete, und Vergleichsberechnungen durchgeführt. Durch den Vergleich der rechnerischen mit den experimentell ermittelten Werten wurde das Modell überprüft. Auf dieser Grundlage wurden anschließend Parameteruntersuchungen durchgeführt. Schließlich wurde auf der Basis der experimentellen und rechnerischen Untersuchungen ein Ingenieurmodell zur Bestimmung der Querkrafttragfähigkeit im Öffnungsbereich entwickelt, mit dem sich die Querkrafttragfähigkeit des Betongurts im Öffnungsbereich nachweisen lässt. Ferner stellte sich heraus, dass die Querkrafttragfähigkeit des Betongurts im Öffnungsbereich durch Dübelleisten erheblich gesteigert werden kann, was wirtschaftliche Vorteile eröffnet.
With the UML 2.0 standard, the Unified Modeling Language took a big step towards SDL, incorporating many features of the language. SDL is a mature and complete language with formal semantics. The Z.109 standard defines a UML Profile for SDL, mapping UML constructs to corresponding counterparts in SDL, giving them a precise semantics. In this report, we present a case study for the formalisation of the Z.109 standard. The formal definition makes the mapping precise and can be used to derive tool support.
This report discusses two approaches for a posteriori error indication in the linear elasticity solver DDFEM: An indicator based on the Richardson extrapolation and Zienkiewicz-Zhu-type indicator. The solver handles 3D linear elasticity steady-state problems. It uses own input language to describe the mesh and the boundary conditions. Finite element discretization over tetrahedral meshes with first or second order shape functions (hierarchical basis) has been used to resolve the model. The parallelization of the numerical method is based on the domain decomposition approach. DDFEM is highly portable over a set of parallel computer architectures supporting the MPI-standard.
Error estimates for quasistatic global elastic correction and linear kinematic hardening material
(2006)
We consider in this paper the quasistatic boundary value problems of linear elasticity and nonlinear elastoplasticity with linear kinematic hardening material. We derive expressions and estimates for the difference of solutions (i.e. stress, strain and displacement) of both models. Further, we study the error between the elastoplastic solution and the solution of a postprocessing method, that corrects the solution of the linear elastic problem in order to approximate the elastoplastic model.