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Faculty / Organisational entity
- Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Maschinenbau und Verfahrenstechnik (153)
- Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Informatik (134)
- Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Physik (101)
- Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Mathematik (84)
- Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Sozialwissenschaften (53)
- Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Biologie (50)
- Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Chemie (42)
- Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Raum- und Umweltplanung (27)
- Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik (26)
- Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen (23)
The performance of napkins is nowadays improved substantially by embedding granules of a superabsorbent into the cellulose matrix. In this paper a continuous model for the liquid transport in such an Ultra Napkin is proposed. Its mean feature is a nonlinear diffusion equation strongly coupled with an ODE describing a reversible absorbtion process. An efficient numerical method based on a symmetrical time splitting and a finite difference scheme of ADI-predictor-corrector type has been developed to solve these equations in a three dimensional setting. Numerical results are presented that can be used to optimize the granule distribution.
For the online collision detection with a multi-arm robot a fast method for computing the so-called collision vector is presented. Manipulators and obstacles are modelled by sets of convex polytopes. Known distance algorithms serve as a foundation. To speed up the collision detection dynamic obstacles are approximated by geometric primitives and organized in hierarchies. On-line, the here introduced Dynamic Hierarchies are adjusted to the current arm configuration. A comparison with previous methods shows an increased acceleration of the computations.
In this paper we present an interpreter which allows to support the validation of conceptual models in early stages of the development. We compare hypermedia and expert system approaches to knowledge processing and show how an integrated approach eases the creation of expert systems. Our knowledge engineering tool CoMo-Kit allows a "smooth" transition from initial protocols via a semi-formal specification based on a typed hypertext up to an running expert system. The interpreter uses the intermediate hypertext representation for the interactive solution of problems. Thereby, tasks are distributed to agents via an local area network. This means that the specification of an expert system can directly be used to solve real world problems. If there exist formal (operational) specifications for subtasks then these are delegated to computers. Therefore, our approach allows to specify and validate distributed, cooperative systems where some subtasks are solved by humans and other subtasks are solved automatically by computers.
In diesem Papier vergleichen wir Hypermedia- und Expertensystemansaetze zur Wissensverarbeitung. Wir zeigen, wie ein integrierter Ansatz die Erstellung von Expertensystemen erleichtert. Das von uns entwickelte und implementierte System ermoeglicht einen "sanften" Entwicklungsprozess ausgehend von initialen Protokollen zu einer semi-formale Strukturierung in Form eines getypten Hypertextes. Dem Hypertext ist eine aufgabenorientierte Struktur aufgepraegt, so dass eine anschliessende Operationalisierung in Form eines Expertensystems vereinfacht wird. Die in diesem Prozess erzeugte Zwischenrepraesentation (der Hypertext) wird von einem Interpreter direkt zur interaktiven Loesung von Problemen benutzt, wobei die einzelnen Aufgaben auf die verschiedenen Sachbearbeiter verteilt werden. Abschliessend erlaeutern wir, dass Hypertext und Expertensysteme nur die Raender eines Kontinuums einer allgemeinen Wissensverarbeitung sind.
In diesem Papier stellen wir einen Interpreter vor, der die Validierung von konzeptuellen Modellen bereits in fruehen Entwicklungsphasen unterstuetzt. Wir vergleichen Hypermedia- und Expertensystemansaetze zur Wissensverarbeitung und erlaeutern, wie ein integrierter Ansatz die Erstellung von Expertensystemen vereinfacht. Das von uns entwickelte Knowledge Engineering Werkzeug ermoeglicht einen "sanften" Uebergang von initialen Protokollen ueber eine semi-formale Spezifikation in Form eines getypten Hypertextes hin zu einem operationalen Expertensystem. Ein Interpreter nutzt die in diesem Prozess erzeugte Zwischenrepraesentation direkt zur interaktiven Loesung von Problemen, wobei einzelne Aufgaben ueber ein lokales Rechnernetz auf die Bearbeiter verteilt werden. Das heisst, die Spezifikation des Expertensystems wird direkt fuer die Loesung realer Probleme eingesetzt. Existieren zu einzelnen Teilaufgaben Operationalisierungen (d.h. Programme), dann werden diese vom Computer bearbeitet.
Die Lösung einer Konfigurationsaufgabe in technischen Domänen besteht aus einer Menge von Bauteilen, die miteinander verträglich sind und in ihrem Zusammenspiel die gegebenen Anforderung erfüllen. Eine gängige Vorgehensweise bei der Suche nach einer Lösung ist die schrittweise Spezialisierung einer abstrakten Aufgabenstellung oder ihre Zerlegung in Teilaufgaben. Ein Konfigurationssystem, das diese Vorgehensweise unterstützt, muss Wissen enthalten, wie eine Aufgabe spezialisiert oder in Teilaufgaben zerlegt werden kann, welche konkreten Bauteile zur Erfüllung einer ausreichend detaillierten Teilaufgabe verwendet werden können und ob alle Teile einer Lösung miteinander verträglich sind. Aufgrund dieses Wissens kann eine konsistente Lösung durch Tiefensuche hergeleitet werden.
Four different initialization methods for parallel Branch-and-bound algorithms are described and compared with reference to several criteria. A formal analysis of their idle times and efficiency follows. It indicates that the efficiency of three methods depends on the branching factor of the search tree. Furthermore, the fourth method offers the best efficiency of the overall algorithm when a centralized OPEN set is used. Experimental results by a PRAM simulation support these statements.
A method for efficiently handling associativity and commutativity (AC) in implementations of (equational) theorem provers without incorporating AC as an underlying theory will be presented. The key of substantial efficiency gains resides in a more suitable representation of permutation-equations (such as f(x,f(y,z))=f(y,f(z,x)) for instance). By representing these permutation-equations through permutations in the mathematical sense (i.e. bijective func- tions :{1,..,n} {1,..,n}), and by applying adapted and specialized inference rules, we can cope more appropriately with the fact that permutation-equations are playing a particular role. Moreover, a number of restrictions concerning application and generation of permuta- tion-equations can be found that would not be possible in this extent when treating permu- tation-equations just like any other equation. Thus, further improvements in efficiency can be achieved.
In this paper we describe a framework for defining and operationalizing conceptual models of distributed knowledge-based systems which extends published approaches by the notion of ,agents" and multiple task decompositions. The main part deals with techniques underlying our distributed interpreter. We show how a client-server-architecture can be implemented which allows prototyping distributed knowledge-based systems. Further we describe our mechanism which manages task interactions and supports dependency-directed backtracking efficiently.