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The Binomial Approach to Option Valuation: Getting Binomial Trees into Shape

  • This thesis deals with the application of binomial option pricing in a single-asset Black-Scholes market and its extension to multi-dimensional situations. Although the binomial approach is, in principle, an efficient method for lower dimensional valuation problems, there are at least two main problems regarding its application: Firstly, traded options often exhibit discontinuities, so that the Berry- Esséen inequality is in general tight; i.e. conventional tree methods converge no faster than with order 1/sqrt(N). Furthermore, they suffer from an irregular convergence behaviour that impedes the possibility to achieve a higher order of convergence via extrapolation methods. Secondly, in multi-asset markets conventional tree construction methods cannot ensure well-defined transition probabilities for arbitrary correlation structures between the assets. As a major aim of this thesis, we present two approaches to get binomial trees into shape in order to overcome the main problems in applications; the optimal drift model for the valuation of single-asset options and the decoupling approach to multi-dimensional option pricing. The new valuation methods are embedded into a self-contained survey of binomial option pricing, which focuses on the convergence behaviour of binomial trees. The optimal drift model is a new one-dimensional binomial scheme that can lead to convergence of order o(1/N) by exploiting the specific structure of the valuation problem under consideration. As a consequence, it has the potential to outperform benchmark algorithms. The decoupling approach is presented as a universal construction method for multi-dimensional trees. The corresponding trees are well-defined for an arbitrary correlation structure of the underlying assets. In addition, they yield a more regular convergence behaviour. In fact, the sawtooth effect can even vanish completely, so that extrapolation can be applied.

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Metadaten
Author:Stefanie Müller
URN:urn:nbn:de:hbz:386-kluedo-24627
Advisor:Ralf Korn
Document Type:Doctoral Thesis
Language of publication:English
Year of Completion:2009
Year of first Publication:2009
Publishing Institution:Technische Universität Kaiserslautern
Granting Institution:Technische Universität Kaiserslautern
Acceptance Date of the Thesis:2009/12/16
Date of the Publication (Server):2010/01/07
Tag:Extrapolation; Finanznumerik; Konvergenzrate; Konvergenzverhalten; Multi-Asset Option; Sägezahneffekt; monotone Konvergenz
binomial tree; computational finance; convergence behaviour; multi-asset option; option valuation; rate of convergence; sawtooth effect
GND Keyword:Finanzmathematik; Option; Derivat <Wertpapier>; Bewertung; Binomialbaum; Approximationsalgorithmus
Faculties / Organisational entities:Kaiserslautern - Fachbereich Mathematik
DDC-Cassification:5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 510 Mathematik
MSC-Classification (mathematics):65-XX NUMERICAL ANALYSIS / 65Cxx Probabilistic methods, simulation and stochastic differential equations (For theoretical aspects, see 68U20 and 60H35) / 65C40 Computational Markov chains
91-XX GAME THEORY, ECONOMICS, SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES / 91Gxx Mathematical finance / 91G20 Derivative securities
91-XX GAME THEORY, ECONOMICS, SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES / 91Gxx Mathematical finance / 91G60 Numerical methods (including Monte Carlo methods)
Licence (German):Standard gemäß KLUEDO-Leitlinien vor dem 27.05.2011